Fish Mammies In Artisanal Fisheries In Coastal Ghana: Experiences, Challenges And Prospects For Ocean Governance

Abstract

The roles of women as fish mammies in Ghana‘s artisanal fisheries, a sector traditionally dominated by men, are markedly underexplored. Fish mammies often face marginalization in fishery policies and their experiences remain largely undocumented. Existing research fails to adequately explore how fish mammies, navigate and challenge gender roles in this male-dominated sector. This study aims to fill this gap by investigating the experiences, challenges, and prospects of fish mammies in Elmina and Chorkor, utilizing an ethnographic case study approach within a qualitative framework. Data were collected through purposive, snowball, and convenience sampling methods. In-depth interviews and informal conversations were conducted with male canoe owners, fishermen, and fish processors for the study. The study is underpinned by Gender Performativity, African Feminism, and Ecofeminist theories. The findings reveal distinct gender roles and social practices where fish mammies in Elmina adopt masculine values and behaviours influenced by matrilineal kinship norms, while those in Chorkor embrace more traditionally feminine roles. The application of Judith Butler‘s theory of gender performativity highlights the fluid and context-specific nature of gender roles among fish mammies. Despite the pervasive masculine dominance in artisanal fisheries, fish mammies demonstrate significant agency and advocate for sustainable fishing practices. The study underscores the need for greater visibility and inclusion of fish mammies in policy-making and management decisions; including forming an association to enhance their participation in decision-making processes and integrating gender-sensitive approaches in ocean governance.