Exploring the nature of substance abuse among youths in Twifo Atti-Morkwa District, Ghana

Abstract

Substance abuse among the youth is a pervasive issue impacting global public health, societal dynamics, and individual outcomes. This study explored the nature of substance abuse among the youth, causes, effects, and remedies in the Twifo Atti-Morkwa District of Ghana. A qualitative research approach was adopted using a descriptive phenomenological design. Participants were selected through purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Data were collected from 18 youths aged 18–35 years and 2 psychiatrists with at least 5 years’ experience using a semi-structured interview guide. Thematic analysis was employed to interpret the data. The findings on the study revealed a high prevalence of substance abuse, with alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis being the most frequently misused substances. Key contributing factors identified include peer pressure, socioeconomic status, insufficient parental supervision, and stress. The consequences of substance abuse encompass worsened mental and physical health, as well as social and economic repercussions. The study recommends that the National Commission for Civic Education (NCCE), Ghana Health Service (GHS), and Non-Governmental Organisations involved in substance abuse prevention should collaborate with the Narcotics Control Commission (NACOC), Ghana Police Service (GPS), and counsellors. Together, they should develop and implement stronger educational and awareness programmes. These programmes should focus on the risks and dangers of substance abuse in order to curb the menace in the district.