Diversity and distribution of amphibians in three land use types in the Dormaa-Ahenkro district in the Brong-Ahafo region of Ghana

Abstract

This study investigated the diversity and distribution of amphibians in the Mpameso Forest Reserve and its surrounding cocoa and teak-acacia plantations in the Dormaa-Ahenkro district, in both rainy and dry seasons. Ninety plots (30 plots per study site) were established along transect lines and searched for amphibians. Specimens were found by visual encounter surveys (VES). A total of 1187 individuals of 16 species belonging to six anuran families (Arthroleptidae, Bufonidae, Hyperoliidae, Ranidae, Ptychadenidae and Petropedetidae), were recorded during the survey. The rainy season survey recorded 786 anurans compared to 401 in the dry season, with increased species richness, 518 anurans were observed in the forest, followed by the cocoa farm, 408 individuals and teak plantation had 261 individuals. There was a significant difference in species diversity between the three land use types in both rainy and dry seasons. The 16 species were irregularly distributed in the three land use types. Twelve of the species documented are classified as Least Concern, one as Near Threaten, two are vulnerable and one as data deficient according to IUCN. Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that further studies should focus on pesticide use and the effects of constant pesticide application on amphibian species richness and distribution in cocoa growing areas as well as research on specific species to identify the habitat requirements of individual species in all the land use areas. Conservation efforts should consider the status of anurans encountered and also take into consideration the status of amphibians according to the IUCN Red list.