The state of pesticide use among cocoa farmers in Volta Region of Ghana

Abstract

The main objective of this study was to assess knowledge, attitude and practices with respect to pesticide usage, alternative pest control methods and associated risks among cocoa farmers in the Volta region. A multi-stage sampling procedure which included purposive and simple random sampling was employed to choose a sample of 225 cocoa farmers. Mixed research design including field survey and experimental techniques (soil sampling) were employed in the study. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data for the study. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted on the data using IBM SPSS version 21, STATA version 13 (Stata Corp, College Station, TX, USA) software. The study revealed that majority of the farmers were knowledgeable of the names of pests and diseases, pesticides used (88.0 %) and their health effects on humans (94.0 %). The farmers demonstrated positive attitude towards pesticides use, however, this did not translate in to safe pesticide use practices. Out of the 225 farmers, only 56 representing 25.0 % were aware and practiced some form of alternative pests and diseases control methods. Cultural method was the most (79.0 %) practiced alternative pest control method in the study area. The Generalized Linear Model result showed that farmers’ knowledge of alternative pests control methods was influenced by agrochemical shops, degree of pest infestation and their community status. It was also discovered that the pesticides used posed risks to humans and the environment. Corn cob biochar was found more efficient for remediation of pesticide polluted soils in the study area. Famers should be trained and sensitized on regular bases on safe use of pesticides and alternative pests and diseases control methods.